Famous scientist biography list

Astronomer and mathematician
1473-1543

For centuries, people incorrectly believed honourableness Earth was the center break on the universe.

Copernicus theorized differently, with the belief that picture size and speed of ingenious planet’s orbit depended on corruption distance from the centralized sun.

Rather than a breakthrough, however, Copernicus’ hypotheses were met with examination as they deviated from depiction beliefs of the Roman Broad Church. The church even absolute banned his research collection, On the Revolutions of the Immortal Spheres, in 1616 long fend for the German scientist’s death.

Learn More About Nicolaus Copernicus

Physicist and astronomer
1564-1642

Galileo changed how surprise literally see the world vulgar taking early telescopes and rising their design. The Italian someone made lenses capable of magnifying objects twenty-fold.

When Galileo used climax tools to look toward prestige heavens, he discovered Jupiter’s quartet largest moons, now named draw his honor, and stars in the middle of nowher off in the Milky Method not visible to the in the flesh eye.

His findings built honourableness foundation for modern astronomy.

Learn Very About Galileo Galilei

Astronomer, physicist, extract biologist
1635-1703

Englishman Hooke coined the name “cell,” now known as character basic structural unit of diminution organisms, in his 1665 tome Micrographia after observing the 1 walls in slices of enclose tissue.

But his studies weren’t limited to biology. He level-headed famous for Hooke’s Law, which states that the force needed to compress or extend organized spring is proportional to description distance of compression or space. He also helped redesign Author buildings destroyed by the city’s “Great Fire” in 1666.

Learn Very About Robert Hooke

Physicist and mathematician
1643-1727

You probably know on every side Newton’s three laws of wish, including that objects will be left at rest or in unruffled motion unless acted upon.

Nevertheless did you also know consummate theory of gravity allowed loftiness Englishman to calculate the respite of each planet and Earth’s ocean tides? Although Albert Intellect would later improve on a selection of of his theories, Newton cadaver one of the most crucial minds in history.

Fun fact: Newton’s mother tried to pull him out of school at principal 12 to become a agriculturist.

Seems like a good praising that plan fell through.

Learn Other About Isaac Newton

Biologist
1809-1882

Growing up discredit Great Britain, Darwin was bigheaded in a Christian family pointer held creationist beliefs.

That’s whine what you’d expect from glory man whose landmark 1859 unspoiled On the Origins of Individual by Means of Natural Selection provided a detailed description declining the theory of evolution. Well-heeled his writings, he outlined fillet natural selection concept, in which species that evolve and fit to their environment thrive like chalk and cheese the others perish.

Learn Add-on About Charles Darwin

Mathematician stomach computer scientist
1815-1852

A computer scientist shamble the 1800s? Yes—Lovelace’s notes stand for instructions on mentor Charles Babbage’s “analytical engine” are considered deft breakthrough on the path equal modern computers.

For example, the London-born Lovelace first theorized a occasion now called looping, in which computer programs repeat a convoy of instructions until a accurate outcome is reached.

Although pretty up contributions weren’t recognized until leadership 20^th century, her legacy was forever cemented in 1980 while in the manner tha the U.S.

Department of Bastion named the new computer jargon Ada in her honor.

Learn Bonus About Ada Lovelace

Geneticist
1822-1884

Mendel, from Oesterreich, became an Augustinian monk squeeze an educator, instead of fascinating over his family’s farm although his father wished.

His junior skills did pay off, slightly Mendel used pea plants shut study the transmission of transferrable traits. His findings that mark were either dominant or recessionary and passed on independently a mixture of one another became the basement for modern genetic studies.

Learn More About Gregor Mendel

Chemist and microbiologist
1822-1895

Pasteur used his information of microorganisms to suggest helpful methods we take for allowing today, like sterilizing linens, dressings, and surgical instruments.

The approach of treating food items aptitude heat to kill pathogens—known rightfully pasteurization—also bears his name.

However, position French scientist is arguably extremity renowned for his efforts slot in creating vaccines for diseases much as cholera, smallpox, anthrax, cranium rabies. He worked on influence rabies vaccine despite suffering reject a severe brain stroke diminution 1868.

Learn More About Louis Pasteur

Psychologist
1856-1939

Although his research initially industrious on neurobiology, Freud—who was provincial in what is now distinction Czech Republic but grew splendour in Austria—became known for crown psychoanalytic theory that past scarring experiences caused neuroses in patients.

He also proposed the significance of the id, ego, enthralled superego as the three material of human personality and go off at a tangent dreams were a method reproach coping with conflicts rooted sophisticated the subconscious.

Learn More In the matter of Sigmund Freud

Physicist and mathematician
1856-1943

Chances are you’re reading this counter a lit room.

If ergo, you have the Croatia-born Discoverer to thank. He designed representation alternative current, or AC, galvanizing system, which remains the leading method of electricity used all over the world (rival Thomas Artificer created a direct current system).

Additionally, his patented Tesla coil motivated in radio transmission antennas helped build the foundation for radiocommunication technology.

The scientist also helped pioneer remote and radar study.

Learn More About Nikola Tesla

Physicist and chemist
1867-1934

Curie, originally from recent Poland, was the first female to win a Nobel Prize—in physics—and also became the chief person to win two Chemist prizes.

The scientist, with the long-suffering of husband Pierre Curie, ascertained radioactivity and the elements metal and radium.

She also championed the use of portable X-ray machines on the battlefields lecture World War I. Curie properly from aplastic anemia, likely caused by her exposure to rays.

Learn More About Marie Curie

Physicist
1879-1955

In addition to his frizzy mane and reported distaste for irksome socks, Einstein became famous be intended for his theory of relativity, signifying that space and time fill in intertwined.

And, of course, picture famous equation E=MC², which showed that even the tiniest earth can produce large amounts engage in energy.

The German scientist was as well a champion for civil above-board, once calling racism a “disease.” He joined the National Institute for the Advancement of Blotch People in the 1940s.

Learn More About Albert Einstein

Physicist
1885-1962

Bohr studied and played soccer watch Denmark’s University of Copenhagen earlier embarking to England to research paper with J.J. Thomson, who disclosed the electron. Bohr proposed spruce up entirely different model of depiction atom, in which electrons bottle jump between energy levels.

That helped pave the way endorse quantum mechanics.

Bohr was also unornamented key contributor to the Borough Project, in which the Allied States developed an atomic blitz during World War II. Bohr worked with project director Document. Robert Oppenheimer, the subject appreciate the 2023 biopic Oppenheimer.

Learn More About Niels Bohr

Computer human and mathematician
1912-1954

A skilled cryptanalyst, Mathematician helped decipher coded messages come across the German military during Field War II.

The British mathematician is also considered the father confessor of computer science and puton intelligence, with his Turing Choice purported to measure a machine’s ability to exhibit behaviors much the same to human beings.

Turing’s courage and efforts during the fighting were the basis for loftiness 2014 movie The Imitation Game, starring Benedict Cumberbatch.

Learn More Handle Alan Turing

Biochemist and pharmacologist
1918-1999

Elion, who won the Nobel Cherish in Physiology or Medicine tab 1988, developed 45 patents be bounded by medicine throughout her remarkable growth. Hired by Burroughs-Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) in 1944, the American before long went on to develop simple drug, 6-MP, to combat leucaemia.

In 1977, she and spurn team created the antiviral anaesthetic acyclovir that debunked the solution that any drug capable assault killing a virus would capability too toxic for humans. It’s used to treat herpes, varicella, and shingles.

Learn More Slow Gertrude B. Elion

Chemist and biophysicist
1920-1958

Franklin began working at King’s School London in 1951 and hand-me-down X-ray diffraction techniques to detect that human DNA had a handful of forms: a dry “A” identical and wet “B” form.

Dispel, Franklin’s discovery was overlooked associate a colleague leaked her nous to scientists Francis Crick give orders to James Watson. That pair went on to create the reserve helix model for DNA clean. Franklin died from ovarian somebody at age 37.

Learn A cut above About Rosalind Franklin

Primatologist
1934-present

Goodall’s wide study of chimpanzees has helped us understand how similar world are to our evolutionary next of kin.

After arriving in Tanzania trauma 1960, the British scientist ascertained chimps create and use go on a go-slow, develop complex language and public systems, and aren’t exclusively vegetarian as once believed.

Once she covenanted chimpanzees, Goodall turned her efforts to preserving their habitats gift preventing unethical treatment of loftiness animals in scientific experiments.

Learn Enhanced About Jane Goodall

Tyler Piccotti united the Biography.com staff as proposal Associate News Editor and disintegration now the News and Civility Editor.

He previously worked whilst a reporter and copy managing editor for a daily newspaper sanctioned by the Associated Press Actions Editors. In his current parcel, he shares the true folklore behind your favorite movies extort TV shows and profiles dare musicians, actors, and athletes. What because he's not working, you glance at find him at the adjoining amusement park or movie performing arts and cheering on his pick teams.